The animation-direction
CSS property specifies whether an animation should play forwards, backwards, or alternating back and forth.
/* Single animation */ animation-direction: normal; animation-direction: reverse; animation-direction: alternate; animation-direction: alternate-reverse; /* Multiple animations */ animation-direction: normal, reverse; animation-direction: alternate, reverse, normal; /* Global values */ animation-direction: inherit; animation-direction: initial; animation-direction: unset;
It is often convenient to use the shorthand property animation
to set all animation properties at once.
Initial value | normal |
---|---|
Applies to | all elements, ::before and ::after pseudo-elements |
Inherited | no |
Media | visual |
Computed value | as specified |
Animation type | discrete |
Canonical order | the unique non-ambiguous order defined by the formal grammar |
Syntax
Values
normal
- The animation plays forwards each cycle. In other words, each time the animation cycles, the animation will reset to the beginning state and start over again. This is the default value.
reverse
- The animation plays backwards each cycle. In other words, each time the animation cycles, the animation will reset to the end state and start over again. Animation steps are performed backwards, and timing functions are also reversed. For example, an
ease-in
timing function becomesease-out
. alternate
- The animation reverses direction each cycle, with the first iteration being played forwards. The count to determine if a cycle is even or odd starts at one.
alternate-reverse
- The animation reverses direction each cycle, with the first iteration being played backwards. The count to determinate if a cycle is even or odd starts at one.
Note: When you specify multiple comma-separated values on an animation-*
property, they will be assigned to the animations specified in the animation-name
property in different ways depending on how many there are. For more information, see Setting multiple animation property values.
Formal syntax
<single-animation-direction>#where
<single-animation-direction> = normal | reverse | alternate | alternate-reverse
Examples
See CSS animations for examples.
Specifications
Specification | Status | Comment |
---|---|---|
CSS Animations The definition of 'animation-direction' in that specification. |
Working Draft | Initial definition. |
Browser compatibility
Feature | Chrome | Edge | Firefox | Internet Explorer | Opera | Safari |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | 43 Yes -webkit- | Yes Yes -webkit- | 16 49 -webkit- 5 -moz- | 10 | 12.1 — 15 15 -webkit- 12 — 15 -o- | Yes 4 -webkit- |
reverse | 19 | Yes | 16 | 10 | Yes | Yes |
alternate-reverse | 19 | Yes | 16 | 10 | Yes | Yes |
Feature | Android webview | Chrome for Android | Edge mobile | Firefox for Android | IE mobile | Opera Android | iOS Safari |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Basic support | 43 Yes -webkit- | 43 Yes -webkit- | Yes Yes -webkit- | 16 49 -webkit- 5 -moz- | Yes | 12.1 — 15 15 -webkit- 12 — 15 -o- | Yes Yes -webkit- |
reverse | No | Yes | Yes | 16 | ? | ? | No |
alternate-reverse | ? | Yes | Yes | 16 | Yes | ? | ? |
1. From version 44: this feature is behind the layout.css.prefixes.webkit
preference (needs to be set to true
). To change preferences in Firefox, visit about:config.
See also
- Using CSS animations
- JavaScript
AnimationEvent
API